Drainage Education

Drainage Education & More

course outline

What & Whys on drainage

Need to know drainage Myths

Alternatives & Complementary System

Subsurface VS Surface Water

What is drainage?

Drainage is the process of collecting and directing excess water away from areas where it can cause damage, including yards, foundations, and landscaped areas. Proper drainage protects soil stability, prevents erosion, and reduces the risk of structural issues caused by standing or subsurface water.
Water problems typically fall into two categories: surface water, which flows across the ground after rainfall, and subsurface water, which moves through soil and builds pressure below the surface. Effective drainage systems are designed to manage both, often working together to move water safely away from structures and usable areas of the property.
Common drainage solutions include French drains, yard drains, catch basins, downspout extensions, and grading adjustments. The correct approach depends on site conditions such as slope, soil type, water volume, and discharge options.
At Southern Solutions, drainage planning begins with an on-site evaluation to identify how water moves across and through your property. This allows us to design a system that addresses the root cause of the issue—not just the visible symptoms.

keys to understanding Drainage

Surface Water: Water that flows across the ground from:

Rainfall
Sloped yards
Downspouts
Hard surfaces (driveways, patios)

This water needs to be redirected before it pools or erodes soil.

Subsurface (Ground) Water: Water that moves through the soil, often causing:

Saturated ground
Soft or sinking areas
Hydrostatic pressure against foundations

This water is controlled below ground using systems like French drains.

The Goal of Drainage
✔ Move water away from structures
✔ Prevent pooling and erosion
✔ Protect soil stability
✔ Keep yards functional and health

Core Components & How They Work

Trench: The channel dug along the path water follows or toward a low point.

Perforated pipe: Usually 4" or 6" quality corrugated pipe or 4" or 6" PVC with holes facing down/out to collect water.

Drainage gravel: Coarse, washed rock surrounding the pipe that allows water to percolate.

Filter fabric: Geotextile used to keep soil and silt from clogging the gravel and pipe.

Outlet / Discharge: Daylight, storm drain, dry well, or other safe location where water exits the system.

10 Common Drainage Myths

Myth 1: “Water will eventually soak into the ground on its own”
Reality: Some soil (especially clay) drains very slowly. If water can’t soak in fast enough, it pools and causes problems near the foundation.

Myth 2: “If my yard is green, drainage must be fine”
Reality: Grass can look healthy while the soil underneath stays waterlogged. Poor drainage often shows up as muddy spots, soft ground, or water after storms—not necessarily dead grass.

Myth 3: “More dirt against the house fixes drainage”
Reality: Adding soil without proper slope can trap water against the foundation. Drainage depends on how the ground slopes, not just how much soil is there.

Myth 4: “Gutters and yard drainage are separate issues”
Reality: Roof water ends up in the yard. If downspouts dump water too close to the house, yard drainage problems get worse.

Myth 5: “Standing water is only a problem if it lasts for days”
Reality: Even water that sits for a few hours after rain can weaken soil, cause erosion, and slowly damage foundations over time.

Myth 6: “French drains solve every drainage problem”
Reality: French drains help with underground water, but they don’t fix poor grading or surface water flowing toward the house.

Myth 7: “Drainage problems only happen in old homes”
Reality: New homes can have drainage issues too, especially if the yard wasn’t graded properly or the soil was compacted during construction.

Myth 8: “Water near the foundation is normal”
Reality: Water should never collect near the foundation. It should always flow away from the house.

Myth 9: “Stone is not necessary for French Drains”
Reality: Stone is a key component to French Drain systems and they do not function as they should without it.

Myth 10: " All landscapers or contractors are pro's at fixing drainage issues .”
Reality: There are special licenses for drainage and different ways of addressing more issues. We recommend getting many different opinions so you have a great understanding
what's the best fix and pro for your project.

When & Why

Yard Drainage & French Drain Systems — Keep Your Lawn and Landscape Dry
Solve soggy lawn spots and standing water with a properly designed drainage solution. Learn how French drains work, when to use them, alternative options, and what to expect from a professional install.

What is a French Drain?
A French drain is a buried trench filled with gravel and a perforated pipe that captures excess subsurface and surface water and redirects it to a useful and safe discharge point. It prevents pooled water, protects foundations, and helps preserve landscaping and hardscapes. However, there are almost always better alternatives for surface water. French drains are basically ineffective for surface water. Some companies like to combine french drains with other drainage methods; however, connecting the two often shortens the life of the french drain. French drains should act as stand alone units, not directly connected to other drainage systems of the same size. Consult a professional (us!) to determine best custom approach to your specific drainage situation.

When to Choose a French Drain
Use a French drain when there is persistent soggy or saturated spots with or without rain, standing water near foundations or patios (generally other drainage systems are typically used near and around structures), poorly draining soils (clay/compacted), or where subsurface water needs redirecting.

Professional Installation — Step by Step

Below is a concise pro workflow detailing what we do when installing a French drain:

Evaluate site: map water flow, soil type, and pick an outlet. Call 811 before digging.

Mark & excavate: typical residential trenches are approximately 12" wide on average for allowing more gravel and 12–16" deep is typically ideal depending on volume and slope.

Line with fabric: set down geotextile to prevent sediment migration.

Lay pipe with slope: place perforated pipe with consistent 1% or greater slope toward the outlet.

Backfill & wrap: cover pipe with gravel, fold fabric over the top, and finish surface with soil, sod, or decorative stone.

Connect outlet: ensure discharge is away from foundations and neighbors and conforms to local codes.

Alternatives & Complementary System

French drains is a very common phrase when talking about drainage; however, they are only one type of system we may use to solve drainage issues. Depending on your yard, there maybe much better alternatives that may cost less and do a better job for your circumstances.
We may recommend:

Regrading / reshaping the lawn

Swales or surface channels for gentle runoff

Catch basins / channel drains for hardscape areas

Dry wells / infiltration pits for basins with no daylight outlet

Rain gardens / bioswales to naturally manage and absorb runoff

Subsurface VS Surface Water
What is the difference???

Subsurface Water
Subsurface water is water below the ground surface that you
cannot see until it causes problems.
Think of it as water moving through the soil layer or
trapped underground.

It includes:
Groundwater moving through soil
Water trapped under foundations
Saturated soil that never dries
Hydrostatic pressure pushing water toward a house

Cause: High water table, underground springs, poor soil drainage (like clay), or improper lot drainage.

How it’s managed:
French drains
Drainage tile
Foundation drains
Sump pumps
Gravel trenches around problem areas

Surface Water
Surface water is water you can see collecting
on top of the ground.

It includes:
Puddles in the yard
Standing water after rain
Water flowing down a slope
Runoff from roofs, driveways, or neighboring properties

Cause: Heavy rain, poor grading, compacted soil, clogged gutters, or lack of proper drainage.

How it’s managed:
Swales

Channel drains

Catch basins

Regrading

Piping out Downspout extensions

Open French Drains

REMEMBER
Yard Drainage is the process on how rainwater / melted snow / groundwater moves across and through your yard so it doesn’t collect around your home.
Its purpose is to carry water away from the foundation and prevent soggy areas, light flooding, and damage.
👉 Drainage manages water so it goes where it should, not where it causes damageDrainage is the process of collecting, controlling, and directing excess water away from areas where it can cause problems—such as yards, foundations, structures, and landscapes. In simple terms:

Southern Solutions , pushes for an educated customer because we all win when we are all on the same level of understanding. We also send our employees to classes to insure we are up to date on the greatest resources and planning for drainage systems.

We offer free training seminars for homeowners! Contact us so we can set up one for your community.

Big Pipes for Big Problems

Southern Solutions Landscaping and Grading has worked with HOA's, city's, D.O.T and engineers when needed to solve many drainage issues our clients face to make sure we are getting the job done right. Contact us for more info to see how we can help you and your community!
Our clients include local businesses and homeowners!

ALL inclusive drainage solutions with your new or old landscaping.

Choose a company that will and can incorporate your vision and give you a great solution for your drainage and landscape needs.

We offer drainage solution services that range from groundwater in your crawl space, to surface water erosion. Our drainage solutions can vary from site to site situations. We offer custom system designs that are the most effective systems in our industry. French drains, catch basins, down spouts, rain gardens and dry wells are a few options we offer. Please contact us to better understand your drainage problem if you have areas that do not seem to be usable, remain wet or have water coming from neighboring lots.

Improving drainage around your yard is crucial for several reasons:

Grading: Properly grade the landscape to ensure that water flows away from the house and towards appropriate drainage areas, like swales, dry wells, or storm drains.
Install French Drains: French drains are trenches filled with gravel or rock and a perforated pipe that redirects water away from specific areas, preventing water accumulation.
Rain Gardens: These are landscaped areas designed to collect and absorb rainwater. They use native plants and soil amendments to improve drainage and filter runoff.
Downspout Extensions: Extending downspouts away from the house directs rainwater away from the foundation, preventing pooling around the home.
Rain Barrels or Cisterns: Collecting rainwater can reduce excess water around your property and provide an additional water source for irrigation, easing pressure on drainage systems.
Swales or Berms: These landscaping features help channel water away from areas prone to pooling. Berms are raised areas of soil, while swales are shallow depressions designed to guide water flow.
Permeable Paving: Consider using permeable materials for driveways, walkways, or patios. These allow water to penetrate the surface and reduce runoff.

Preventing Water Damage: Poor drainage can lead to water pooling around your home's foundation, which can seep into basements or crawl spaces, causing structural damage, mold, and dampness issues.
Preserving Landscaping: Excessive water accumulation can drown plants, erode soil, and damage the roots of trees and shrubs, leading to the decline or death of your landscaping.
Preventing Erosion: Inadequate drainage can cause soil erosion, washing away topsoil and creating unsightly gullies or uneven terrain.
Avoiding Mosquito Breeding: Areas with poor drainage often collect stagnant water, becoming breeding grounds for mosquitoes and other pests, posing health risks.
Maintaining Hardscapes: Proper drainage helps prevent water from pooling on driveways, pathways, or patios, preserving these surfaces and preventing potential hazards due to slick surfaces.

Improving drainage not only protects your property from potential damage but also contributes to a healthier and more sustainable landscape by managing water effectively and reducing the risk of erosion and water-related issues.

We aim to be the company that is Comprehensive and Insightful for your Educational Purposes

Remember drainage and grading go hand and hand. And not all drainage system are created equal, so go with the best in the business!

key words: French drain, drainage, grading, water flow, drainage systems, soggy yard, yard drainage, surface water, ground water, saturated yard